Qualified carbon steel elbows should meet the foll

Qualified carbon steel elbows should meet the following requirements: chemical composition in compliance with standard requirements (the contents of elements such as C, Si, Mn, P, and S within the specified range); mechanical properties (tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and impact energy) up to standard; dimensional tolerances (outer diameter, wall thickness, center distance, and angle) within allowable deviations; no surface defects such as cracks, folds, or double skins; uniform wall thickness with a thinning rate not exceeding the specified value (generally, the wall thickness thinning on the outer arc side should not exceed 12.5%). For elbows used in important applications, hardness testing, grain size inspection, and metallographic structure analysis should be conducted. 8.3 Installation and Maintenance When installing carbon steel elbows, attention should be paid to: aligning with the pipeline and avoiding forced alignment; controlling the line energy during welding to prevent overheating;

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